Image guided computerized brain surgery

This relatively new technology allows virtual brain surgery on a computerized workstation prior to actual brain surgery. Computer guidance enhances the neurosurgeon’s ability to minimize the skull opening, avoid viable brain tissue and limit the surgical approach to the affected area of the brain. The benefits to the patient include reduced operative time, a smaller incision, higher precision and overall shorter recovery time.

This technique can be used for a variety of applications. With this technology VNI neurosurgeons can more safely treat brain tumors, hydrocephalus, (a condition where fluid accumulates in the brain), and blood vessel diseases of the brain, such as arteriovenous malformations

One exciting application of this exciting technology is its use for the treatment of movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. Parkinson’s disease is caused by a tiny malfunctioning part of the brain that sends incorrect messages to the movement control area of the brain. Using precise image guidance VNI neurosurgeons can direct a probe to the target area of the brain and deliver a current that is used to first confirm the correct probe position, and then destroy the targeted brain region. This procedure is used for pallidotomy and thalamotomy, where specific areas of the brain are targeted.

Deep brain stimulation is the most recent advance in image guided Parkinson’s surgery. Fine wires are accurately placed deep in the brain and attached to an electrical stimulator, similar to a pacemaker. The stimulator is inserted under the skin and can be adjusted with a magnet. By adjusting the stimulator doctors are able to fine tune control over the patients Parkinsonian symptoms.